Please note that load times may be slower than expected and many links to documents and resources will not work.Building North Americas 1st zoo-biogas plant, D.
![]() The acideogenic bacteria convert sugars and amino acids into carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ammonia, and organic acids. When organic matter, such as food scraps and animal waste, break down in an anaerobic environment (an environment absent of oxygen) they release a blend of gases, primarily methane and carbon dioxide. Because this decomposition happens in an anaerobic environment, the process of producing biogas is also known as anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion is a natural form of waste-to-energy that uses the process of fermentation to breakdown organic matter. Animal manure, food scraps, wastewater, and sewage are all examples of organic matter that can produce biogas by anaerobic digestion. Due to the high content of methane in biogas (typically 50-75) biogas is flammable, and therefore produces a deep blue flame, and can be used as an energy source. The Ecology of Biogas Biogas is known as an environmentally-friendly energy source because it alleviates two major environmental problems simultaneously: The global waste epidemic that releases dangerous levels of methane gas every day The reliance on fossil fuel energy to meet global energy demand By converting organic waste into energy, biogas is utilizing natures elegant tendency to recycle substances into productive resources. Biogas generation recovers waste materials that would otherwise pollute landfills; prevents the use of toxic chemicals in sewage treatment plants, and saves money, energy, and material by treating waste on-site. Moreover, biogas usage does not require fossil fuel extraction to produce energy. Instead, biogas takes a problematic gas, and converts it into a much safer form. More specifically, the methane content present in decomposing waste is converted into carbon dioxide. Methane gas has approximately 20 to 30 times the heat-trapping capabilities of carbon dioxide. This means that when a rotting loaf of bread converts into biogas, the loafs environmental impact will be about 10 times less potent than if it was left to rot in a landfill. Biogas Digesters As opposed to letting methane gas release to the atmosphere, biogas digesters are the systems that process waste into biogas, and then channel that biogas so that the energy can be productively used. There are several types of biogas systems and plants that have been designed to make efficient use of biogas. While each model differs depending on input, output, size, and type, the biological process that converts organic waste into biogas is uniform. Biogas digesters receive organic matter, which decompose in a digestion chamber. The digestion chamber is fully submerged in water, making it an anaerobic (oxygen-free) environment. The anaerobic environment allows for microorganisms to break down the organic material, and convert it into biogas. All-Natural Fertilizer Because the organic material decomposes in a liquid environment, nutrients present in the waste dissolve into the water, and create a nutrient-rich sludge, typically used as fertilizer for plants. This fertilizer output is generated on a daily basis, and therefore is a highly productive by-product of anaerobic digestion. Biological breakdown To produce biogas, organic matter ferments with the help of bacterial communities. Four stages of fermentation move the organic material from their initial composition into their biogas state. The first stage of the digestion process is the hydrolysis stage. In the hydrolysis stage insoluble organic polymers (such as carbohydrates) are broken down, making it accessible to the next stage of bacteria called acidogenic bacteria.
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